Board of Guardians / Poor Law Unions

Identity area

Type of entity

Corporate body

Authorized form of name

Board of Guardians / Poor Law Unions

Parallel form(s) of name

    Standardized form(s) of name according to other rules

    • Board of Guardians / Poor Law Unions; 1837-1948

    Other form(s) of name

      Identifiers for corporate bodies

      Description area

      Dates of existence

      1837-1948

      History

      Basis of the "New Poor Law". Previously, poor relief had been organised at the parish level. The New Poor Law grouped parishes into Poor Law Unions to better distribute the balance of poor rate payers and receivers within an area. In York, the system was not implemented until 1837. Board of Guardians were elected annually by property owners and rate-payers. The York Poor Law Union was founded with 32 urban and 48 rural parishes.
      Not part of corporation but supported by a council officer: Clerk to the Guardians. Poor relief function transferred from Overseers of the Poor in 1837. Administration of institutions transferred to council Welfare Committee in 1948.

      Places

      Legal status

      Established by Poor Law Amendment Act 1834. Dismantled by the National Assistance Act 1948.

      Functions, occupations and activities

      The Board of Guardians administered the Poor Law Unions. Each Poor Law Union must provide a workhouse. Outdoor relief was discouraged and provision made in a workhouse for those unable to support themselves through work. The guardians inherited the Marygate workhouse, and did not build a new one until 1849 due to opposition from the rural parishes. The guardians operated via a series of committees.

      Mandates/sources of authority

      Internal structures/genealogy

      General context

      Basis of the "New Poor Law". Previously, poor relief had been organised at the parish level. The New Poor Law grouped parishes into Poor Law Unions to better distribute the balance of poor rate payers and receivers within an area. In York, the system was not implemented until 1837. Board of Guardians were elected annually by property owners and rate-payers. The York Poor Law Union was founded with 32 urban and 48 rural parishes.

      Relationships area

      Access points area

      Subject access points

      Place access points

      Occupations

      Control area

      Authority record identifier

      GB0192-95

      Institution identifier

      GB0192

      Rules and/or conventions used

      International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa

      Status

      Level of detail

      Dates of creation, revision and deletion

      Language(s)

        Script(s)

          Sources

          VCH York, JBM How York Governs Itself.

          Maintenance notes